Apparatus for ventilating cars



(No Model.)

J.- ARKELL. APPARATUS FOR VENTILATING CARS, Aw. No. 253,149. I Patented Jan. 31,1882.

UNHE STATES PATENT OFFICE. 7

APPARATUS FOR V EN TILATING CARS, aw.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 253,149, dated January 31, 1882.

Application filed July 12, 1881. (N0 model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, JAMES ARKELL, of (Janajoharie, in the county of Montgomery and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Ill] provementsin Apparatus for Ventilating Oars, &c.; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making part ofthis application.

My invention relates to a novel contrivanee for the purpose of ventilating railroad-cars, the apartments of buildings, &c. and it consists in the employment, in connection with a pipe or system of pipes or flnes (in the apartment to be ventilated) provided with registers for the ingress ofair to the saidflnes, ofatunnel-shaped device applied to the upper end of a pipe connecting with said lines, and adapted to receive any current of air or wind that may exist or be created above the roof of the car or building, and induce an exhaustion of air from the said flues, all as will be hereinafter more fully explained.

To enable those skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I will proceed to more fully describe it, referring by letters to the accompanying drawings, which form part of this specification, and in which- Figure l is a side elevation of a railroad-car having my improved ventilatingapparatus applied to it. Fig. 2 isa vertical longitudinal section of the same.

In the different figures the same part will be found designated by the same letter of referonce.

A represents a portion of an ordinary railroad-car, in which, preferably at the sides of the car, are arranged any requisite number of vertical flues or pipes B, in each of which are placed two registers, one, 0, near the floor of the car, the other, D, near the ceiling, and all of which flues communicate with a pipe, E, that extends upward outside of or above the root'of the car, as shown. a

G is a vertically-arranged tube mounted on the upper end of pipe E, so as to turn freely on its axis, the axes ONE and G being coincident, and the bore of the latter about equal to or slightly less'than that of the former.

H is a horizontal tubular device arranged over the upper end oftube Gr, and with thebore of which the latter communicates, (see Fig.2,)

and one end of which is provided, as shown, with a tnnnelshaped mouth-piece or wind-receiver, I. The other end of the part H is provided with a vane, J, designed to be acted on by the wind for the purpose of keeping the mouth-piece I in a proper position to receive any air-cnrren ts stirring. The upper end ofthe bore of tube G, it will be observed, is flaring or tunnel-shaped, and the smaller portion of the bore ofH has its lowermost part on a level with the upper extremity of this flared part of the tube G. This peculiarityofconstruction of my improved ejector device is an essential and novel one, since it renders the ejector capable of much more easily and efficiently exhausting the air from the pipe E, with acomparatively weak current entering the receiver I, than if the upper end of tube G were not flared, and the lowermost part of the bore of H were not on a level with the uppermost portion of the flare of tube G, or than if either of these features of construction were wanting.

I have found it to be a mechanical fact, in the course of experiments made in perfecting my invention, that by the described andshown construction just above alluded to the practical operations of the ejector device are rendered more efflcient and desirable, especially in cases where comparatively weak currents only can be obtained to operate the contrivance with.

The operation of the contrivance may be thus briefly explained The mouth-piece or receiver I being always kept toward the wind or any air-current created by the vane J, (in a wellknown manner,) any current or blast of air stirring will pass through the bore ot'H in the direction indicated by the arrow, (see Fig. 2,) and the passage thus of an air-current through H will excite an upward current in the tube G, and thus the air will be partially exhausted from the pipe E that communicates with the flue or flues B of the car or apartment in which are located said flues. Now, if, during such operation, the lower registers, G, of the fines B be opened, the exhausting process will operate to draw air, ofcourse, from the lower portion ofthe car or apartment, and it these registers be closed and those marked 1) be opened air will be drawn from near the ceiling of the ear. Hence by a manipulation or setting of the registers O and D the contained air of the car may be exhausted from either the lower and colder or from the upper and hotter strata thereof, as may be deemed most expedient.

Of course the details and minor points of construction of the apparatus may be varied according to the desire of the constructor and to suit the exigencies of the case in which my improved contrivance may be used. In use on railroadcars a sufficiently strong blast of air will pass through the tube H to excite a very rapid exhaustion of the air within the car, so that in hot weather, or in the application of the contrivance to smoking-ears, a very eflicient and rapid ventilation may be effected. In the adaptation of the contrivance to the purpose of ventilating the rooms ofhouses, water-closets, &c., where the apartment and contrivanee are at rest, either the wind exterior to the roofs ofsuch apartments may operate the exhauster, or artificial blasts of air may be forced through the receiver I and tube H.

Where convenient, the escaping current of hot air of fires or the exhaust-steam from boilers may be made to blow through the device II, if deemed expedient.

What I claim as new, and desire to secureby Letters Patent, is

1. In combination with flucs located in or having openings communicating with the interior of a car or apartment, a series of registers located some near the bottom and some near the top of the car or apartment, and an exhausting device, substantially as shown and described, connected with a pipe outside ofthe apartment and communicating with said flues, allsubstantially as set forth.

2. In combination with the exhaust end of a ventilator-tube, E, an eieetor-likecontrivance composed of a tube, Gr, having the upper end of its bore flared, as described, a tube, H, arranged with its bore transversely to that of tube G, and the lowermost part of it about coincident with the plane ofthe mouth of G, and a tunnel-shaped receiver, I, the whole constructed and operating substantially as described.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand and seal this 5th day of July, 1881.

JAMES ARKELL. [In 8.]

In presence of P. I). VAN OLINDU, S. L. FREY. 

